{"id":28110,"date":"2020-02-17T10:33:19","date_gmt":"2020-02-17T07:33:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.revolvia.com\/?post_type=mmg_articles&p=28110"},"modified":"2020-02-17T10:33:21","modified_gmt":"2020-02-17T07:33:21","slug":"insanlarin-konustugu-ilk-dil-nasil-olustu","status":"publish","type":"mmg_articles","link":"https:\/\/www.revolvia.com\/en\/mmg-article\/insanlarin-konustugu-ilk-dil-nasil-olustu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130nsanlar\u0131n Konu\u015ftu\u011fu \u0130lk Dil Nas\u0131l Olu\u015ftu?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Dilin nas\u0131l ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili iki temel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f vard\u0131r. Bunlardan ilki, dilin yava\u015f yava\u015f geli\u015fti\u011fidir. Bir di\u011feriyse dilin gen mutasyonuyla insanlara aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir. Bu gen aktar\u0131m\u0131 sayesinde insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n dili h\u0131zl\u0131ca \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\n

\u00c7ok uzun y\u0131llardan beri\u00a0Chomsky\u00a0gibi bilim insanlar\u0131, dilin nas\u0131l geli\u015fti\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, dilin bug\u00fcnk\u00fc h\u00e2line gelene kadar bir\u00e7ok evrim ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde sonu\u00e7lar ortaya koyuyor.\u00a0\u00d6rne\u011fin ma\u011faraya \u00e7izilen \u015fekil ve fig\u00fcrler, ileti\u015fimin bir \u00f6rne\u011fi. Bilim insanlar\u0131, modern insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bili\u015fsel bir kapasitesi oldu\u011funu savunuyor. Bu kapasite, di\u011fer t\u00fcrlerin yapamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 karma\u015f\u0131k dil bilgisini anlayabiliyor.<\/p>\n

Basit\u00e7e s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse\u00a0modern insan,\u00a0iki dilsel simgeyi birle\u015ftirebiliyor. Yani modern insanlar, y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir hayvan geldi\u011fi zaman at\u0131lan \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir uyar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlayabiliyor. Burada ge\u00e7en ‘modern insan’\u00a0kavram\u0131, ‘homosofiyens’ olarak nitelendirilebilir.<\/p>\n

Tek gen mutasyonu:<\/p>\n

\"dil\"<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fta da dedi\u011fimiz gibi bir di\u011fer g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fse\u00a0dilin, modern insan\u0131n atas\u0131 olan insans\u0131\u00a0birey taraf\u0131ndan di\u011ferlerine aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu genin halk aras\u0131nda yay\u0131lmas\u0131 da dilin olu\u015fmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n vermi\u015ftir fakat ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bu teze bir\u00a0antitez\u00a0olarak dilin yava\u015f yava\u015f geli\u015fti\u011fini savunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Cedric Boeckx ve Br\u00fcksel Serbest \u00dcniversitesi’nden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, dil hakk\u0131nda birtak\u0131m ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapt\u0131lar.\u00a0Tek gen mutasyonunu\u00a0ele alan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar,\u00a0hipoteze\u00a0kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k olarak bir antitez \u00fcrettiler.\u00a0“\u0130nsan dili, tek gen mutasyonu sayesinde var olmu\u015f olsayd\u0131 dil, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc konumunu alamaz ve geli\u015femezdi”<\/em>\u00a0diyen ekip, dilin yava\u015f\u00e7a geli\u015fti\u011fini savunuyor.<\/p>\n

\"dil<\/p>\n

Pedro Tiago Martins,\u00a0\u201cKelimelerin birle\u015fmesinin \u00f6zelliklerinden, birle\u015fmenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an evrimsel ad\u0131mlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 elde etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Kelimeleri birle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in basit bir yol vard\u0131r. Kelimeler anlaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ili\u015fkili de\u011fildir ve her kelime farkl\u0131 d\u00fczeylerde dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r. Bunun sonucunda herhangi bir karma\u015f\u0131k \u00f6zellik i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle basit evrimsel senaryolar t\u00fcretmenin hi\u00e7bir yolu yoktur. K\u0131sacas\u0131 dil, tek gen mutasyonuna u\u011framam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r”\u00a0<\/em>dedi.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar,\u00a0insan dili\u00a0kadar karma\u015f\u0131k bir \u015feyin evriminin zamanla oldu\u011funu savunur. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131l\u0131rken bir\u00e7ok yan bilimden yani n\u00f6roloji, genetik, bili\u015fsel bilim, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131\u00a0biyoloji,\u00a0arkeoloji,\u00a0psikoloji\u00a0ve dilbilim alanlar\u0131ndan yard\u0131m al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f.\u00a0Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonucunda tek gen mutasyonunun\u00a0dilin geli\u015fmesine katk\u0131 sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Peki i\u015fler ger\u00e7ekten de b\u00f6yle mi oldu, insan dili nas\u0131l geli\u015fti? Gelin bu sorulara birlikte yan\u0131t arayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":28111,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28110","mmg_articles","type-mmg_articles","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"en","enabled_languages":["tr","en"],"languages":{"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"en":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revolvia.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/mmg_articles\/28110","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revolvia.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/mmg_articles"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revolvia.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/mmg_articles"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revolvia.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.revolvia.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/mmg_articles\/28110\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revolvia.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revolvia.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28110"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revolvia.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}